65 Guri, Banuoko, Derbile, Hiemstra and Verschuuren Photo: Peter Lowe 126 Naa Yaa-yin Niber and his council of elders. in which it was agreed that the Chief should approach the Paramount Chief to discuss the gold mining problem. CIKOD undertook to do a study (in May and June 2010) of the impact of gold mining on the well-being of the communities.3 The study was discussed at an advocacy and validation workshop in June 2010, attended by the chiefs, the district assemblies and CIKOD. The district assemblies became involved because the gold mining threat is likely to affect the whole of northern Ghana. Following the workshop, a regional forum on gold mining (July 2010) was organised by CIKOD, the district assemblies and the Upper West regional house of chiefs. The purpose of the forum was to assess the impact and agree on a joint statement to highlight strategies to deal with the situation. For the first time, the country representative of Azumah Resources Limited, the gold mining company, also participated. At the end of the forum a joint communiqué was issued, demanding that Azumah listen to communities, and calling for a public hearing to consider the current and potential effects of their activities on communities. Whilst all of this was happening, work was also going on to raise public awareness on the issue. A weekly local radio programme enabled community members to call in and voice their concerns. This had a serious impact on the gold mining company, which was unhappy with the negative publicity it was receiving. Developing a biocultural community protocol CIKOD also introduced the idea of developing a biocultural community protocol (BCP) as a tool for the Tanchara to negotiate with external parties and assert their rights. BCPs are tools to address conflicts facing communities and external users of the same area that share and use genetic and natural resources and associated traditional knowledge. A first draft of the BCP was drafted in April 2011 by a Canadian intern working for CIKOD. This drew on information gathered during the ongoing community development work, including mapping of the sacred groves, wetlands 3 This was funded by the Natural Resource and Environment Governance (NREG) programme of the Dutch embassy in Ghana.

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