146 65 Theresia John, Patricia John, Louis Bugiad and Agnes Lee Agama Table 1: Community consultations while developing the Ulu Papar protocol Date Activity Place Participants6 1st–2nd March 2010 Centralised community workshop with Natural Justice and GDF Buayan 61 people from the Ulu Papar villages of Buayan, Tiku, Timpayasa, Terian, Pongobonon and Kalanggaan (including three from GDF and two from Natural Justice) 10th–11th March 2010 Training course for community researchers with Natural Justice, Sabah Parks and GDF Crocker Nature Centre, Crocker Range Park Headquarters in Keningau 34 people comprising community researchers from the Ulu Papar village of Buayan and the village of Bundu Tuhan Ranau, Sabah Parks naturalists, trainers from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Natural Justice and GDF 29th–30th March 2010 Centralised community workshop with GDF Buayan 54 people from the Ulu Papar villages of Buayan, Tiku, Pongobonon, Kalanggaan and Timpayasa and GDF 3rd May 2010 Centralised community workshop Buayan 32 people from the Ulu Papar villages of Buayan, Tiku and GDF 24th August – 6th Ulu Papar Roadshow I September 2010 All Ulu Papar villages 93 people from the Ulu Papar villages of Buayan, Tiku, Timpayasa, Terian, Podos, Longkogungan, Pongobonon and GDF 10th–19th August Ulu Papar Roadshow II and 18th–19th September 2011 All Ulu Papar villages 99 people from the Ulu Papar villages of Buayan, Tiku, Timpayasa, Terian, Podos, Longkogungan, Pongobonon and GDF 29th January – 10th February 2012 All Ulu Papar villages 71 people from the Ulu Papar villages of Buayan, Tiku, Timpayasa, Terian, Podos, Longkogungan, Pongobonon and GDF Ulu Papar Roadshow III (see Table 1). The first workshop, held in early March 2010, was a centralised event, where each village in Ulu Papar selfselected representatives to come to Buayan to participate in a joint discussion with the Global Diversity Foundation (GDF) and Natural Justice about ways to resolve the problems they face. During this workshop, participants agreed to collect information to develop the Ulu Papar biocultural community protocol, as a preliminary step in articulating the community’s identity, way of life and their vision for a collective future. A ‘training of trainers’ course, designed with expertise from Natural Justice (Box 1), was held to strengthen the capacity of community researchers who played a leading role in designing and facilitating community consultations, compiling the information needed and polishing the text of the protocol. The course incorporated interactive workshop exercises, such as role plays, to review and follow-up the developments of the first centralised workshop in Buayan. These sessions aimed to explore in detail the legal approaches for supporting communities and conservation in relation to human rights and environmental laws at international, national and local levels. They also gave trainees the opportunity to better understand the diverse perspectives of the different stakeholders implicated in deciding the future of Ulu Papar. 6 Aside from GDF, Natural Justice, Sabah Parks and UTM trainers, the participants were all community members: men and women who live in Ulu Papar. Some were leaders, some were not, although all are Dusun; farmers, fisherfolk, hunters and gatherers of forest products.

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