❖ When considering all possible permitting, licensing, and ethical approvals required for any particular research project it would be prudent to begin inquiring about regulations, and applying to the appropriate agencies, at least one year in advance of the proposed project start date. These efforts will help to avoid delays in field work timing or research progress. Obtaining research permits is not normally as onerous or difficult for researchers as it is frequently portrayed to be, and the benefits researchers accrue through licensing usually outweigh the costs. In both the NWT and Nunavut, the research institutes have full time licensing officers who are responsible for tracking the evolving regulatory environment. They can assist researchers in identifying requirements and making contact with appropriate permitting and screening agencies. The institutes can also provide licensed researchers with logistic and field support (e.g. equipment storage, lab and office space, computer use, local transport assistance) and discounted accommodation. Addressing the key issues identified in this guide can help minimize community objections to proposed research, and ensure that the necessary approvals are obtained as easily and quickly as possible. However, it is impractical to attempt to provide a recipe that guarantees the same effective result every time. Sometimes, although rare, it is impossible for community members and researchers to reach an agreeable compromise on conflicting issues; however, the suggestions provided in this guide have been shown to be helpful when appropriately adapted to each community-researcher relationship. Communication strategy Developing an effective and appropriate communication strategy can be pivotal in gaining, and maintaining, community support for/involvement in a particular research project. Regardless of the negotiated level of community involvement, communication and results reporting (interim and final) require advance planning and are ongoing, iterative processes. Communication may range from simple results reporting to collaborative, reciprocal knowledge-sharing. Furthermore, communication is a key element in determining the desired, and appropriate, level of community involvement in the research design, field work, and interpretation/analysis research stages (p. 8-10). The lowest levels of involvement consist basically of informing communities about the project, and the eventual results. The more involved the community becomes in a research project, the more there is a two-way information flow, whereby the maintenance of ongoing discussions, feedback, and compromise are necessitated. 18 ❖ N EGOTIATING R ESEARCH R ELATIONSHIPS W ITH I NUIT C OMMUNITIES

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