78  What customs and values regulate the sharing of key resources (such as seeds, plants, or animals) and related knowledge within your community? with nearby communities? with outsiders? Who is responsible for making these decisions?  What is unique and valuable about how your community uses local crop varieties, medicinal plants, livestock breeds, wildlife, or other resources? How do you manage and use them differently than other communities or external actors?  If you think about 10, 20, 50, or 100 years from now, what will be the main sources of livelihoods and income? Does this reflect the community’s visions?  What are the main threats and opportunities that are likely to affect future livelihoods and sources of income? How could the community proactively plan and address these? COMMUNITY EXPERIENCE: Valorizing Indigenous Knowledge through Participatory Mapping in Ethiopia Resource: Adapted from material provided by MELCA-Ethiopia Also see Participatory 3-Dimensional and Eco-cultural Mapping for Indigenous Knowledge Documentation (Refera/MELCA-Ethiopia, 2009) With the support of local organization MELCAEthiopia, the communities of the Bale Mountains, Sheka forest, Foata Mountain Complex, and Wechecha Mountain Complex have been using participatory mapping to mobilize knowledge related to their territories and areas and to build resilience and learning about change. The maps demonstrate the importance of traditional knowledge and cultural practices in the communities’ deep understandings of and relationships with their landscapes. In each of the four communities, over 200 elders, adults, and youth participated in the construction of the maps. This process has created social cohesion around a common purpose, further contributing to the communities’ resilience and capacity to respond to change. Figure 16: An elder placing a pin on the location of a sacred site that the community is struggling to protect against the negative influence of major religions (Courtesy: Million Belay, MELCA-Ethiopia) The maps are currently being used as the basis to revitalize intergenerational learning amongst students from local elementary and secondary schools and universities. This is contributing to greater awareness of and pride in community identity, revival of traditional ecological knowledge, focused planning to rehabilitate degraded ecosystems, and advocacy efforts to protect areas of cultural, social, economic, and environmental importance. E. MAPPING THE COMMUNITY’S POLITICAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FOUNDATIONS KEY READING  Part I: Section III  Part II: Section II (Introduction, Box 35-36) KEY TOOLS  Community institutions sketch map      Assessing community capacities Assessing key opportunities and threats Framework for research and action Identifying key actors Understanding relationships between key

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