Biocultural community protocols for livestock keepers Community led Clear objectives Informed process Not time bound Value based Collective decision making Managed expectations A good biocultural process (source Natural Justice, 2010a) It is important that community protocols contain solid, and ideally quantitative, data and are not reduced to political statements. Requests for access to land areas are most powerful when they are backed up by evidence about how well the community has managed land and resources. In this regard, community driven processes of data collection using various forms of mapping, photos, video to portray land uses and oral histories, for example are integral to a biocultural community protocol, and this takes time. The development of a biocultural community protocol is a community process, with assistance from outside if and when required. The assistance can be in the form of training on various aspects, such as on documentation, legal empowerment and facilitating meetings with government etc. Once developed, the protocol requires strong support from the community and support organizations. biocultural community protocols, to be successful, require a kind of solid, locally rooted, long-term organizational infrastructure and an ongoing social process. Biocultural community protocols can be considered as being both a process and a product! Danger of abuse There is the potential danger that the process is abused by NGOs or other interested stakeholders. They may enter communities and rush them into developing biocultural community protocols without providing time for a proper intra-community consultation process in order to produce a written biocultural community protocol, either for the sake of it or even for ulterior motives. 26

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