Monogas (human)
Animal or livestock (four-legged; pig, buffalo, cow, goat –
'berdarah atau tidak berdarah', bleeding or not bleeding)
Slaughtered or given (bleeding or not bleeding) - for
example: If somebody's wood or fruit tree is cut, the wood
symbolises its own owner. Just as if the owner is cut and
blood is drawn, the punishment also requires blood – 'darah
dengan darah', blood with blood.
3) Challenges and How to Overcome Them
a) Challenges
The villagers of Sungai Eloi have been faced with the threat of the loss of
our customary land since the 1980s from acacia plantations whereby our
NCR lands have been included in gazetted SAFODA land which to this day
has not been resolved.
Our problem has become even bigger with the implementation of a poverty
eradication scheme involving large-scale shrimp cultivation in our area
which started in 2012. 2,300 acres of mangrove forests have been cleared
and destroyed and about 1,000 acres more is still threatened. As a result of
this, the mangrove ecosystem has been impaired, and we are seeing a
decline in catch and income.
16 | S u n g a i E l o i T o m b o n u o C o m m u n i t y P r o t o c o l