Indigenous Peoples FPIC Protocols

Indigenous Peoples FPIC Protocols

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INTRODUCTION

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Table of contents

ACRONYMS6
INTRODUCTION5
CHAPTER 1: A Bio-cultural Critique of the CBD and ABS12
1. Introduction12
2. The CBD and ABS13
3. Bio-cultural Communities14
4. TK as a Commodity and its Impact on ILCs16
5. The Importance of Local Integrity18
6. Conclusion19
CHAPTER 2: Bio-cultural Community Protocols as aCommunity-based Response to the CBD20
1. Introduction20
2. Process and Protocol20
3. Community Experiences with BCPs22
3.1 Self-determination and Governance22
3.2 The Links Between a Way of Life and Conservation of Biodiversity23
3.3 Conserving Medicinal Plants andAnimal Genetic Resources24
3.3.1 Medicinal Plants and Culture24
3.3.2Animal Genetic Resources and Culture25
3.4 Bio-spirituality25
3.5 Types of Traditional Knowledge26
3.6 The Cultural Importance of TKand Indigenous Breeds28
3.7 Traditional Knowledge, Sharing andFree, Prior and Informed Consent28
3.8 Challenges31
3.9 Ways Forward32
3.10 Affirming Rights33
4. Lessons Learned and their Importance for IRABS andthe Implementation of Article 8(j)34
4.1 Communities34
4.2 Users36
5. Re-evaluating Local Integrity and Good ABS Agreements36
CHAPTER 3: Community Protocols in the Negotiationsof the International Regime on Accessand Benefit Sharing37
1. Introduction37
2. African Group Submission to the WGABS37
3. Group of Technical and Legal Experts on TK39
4. International Vilm Workshop on Matters Related toTK Associated with GR and the ABS Regime40
5. The Nairobi Pan African ILC PreparatoryMeeting on ABS and TK41
6. Conclusion41
CHAPTER 4: Bio-cultural Community Protocols and REDD42
1. Introduction12
2. Background to REDD43
2.1 UNFCCC43
2.2 The World Bank and UN-REDD43
3. REDD: Potential and Pitfalls46
3.1 Ensured Funding butQuestionable Integrity46
3.2 Governance and Land Tenure47
3.3 Disembodiment of Carbon47
4. The Potential Role BCPs in REDD47
4.1 Bio-cultural and Legal Empowerment48
4.2 Mapping Traditional Territories48
4.3 Understanding What Conserves Forests48
4.4 Free, Prior and Informed Consent48
4.5 Expressing Development Needs,Avoiding Exclusion49
4.6 A REDD BCP in Outline49
5. Reducing Risk, Increasing Certainty50
CHAPTER 5: Bio-cultural Community Protocolsand Protected Areas52
1. People and Protected Areas: A Paradigm Shift52
1.1 Protected Areas and TraditionalKnowledge under the CBD:Making the Link52
1.2 Governance of Protected Areas53
2. Bio-cultural Community Protocols and Protected Areas54
2.2 Bio-cultural Community Protocolsand Co-managed Protected Areas54
2.3 Bio-cultural Community Protocolsand Indigenous and CommunityConserved Areas55
3. Conclusion56
CHAPTER 6: Bio-cultural Community Protocols in theContext of Payment for Ecosystem Services58
1. Introduction12
2. PES Schemes58
2.1 Background58
2.2 Payment for Ecosystem Services59
3. Community Engagement with PES Schemes60
4. Challenges Faced by ILCs Regarding PES Schemes61
4.1 Participation and Capacity-building61
4.2 Representation and Governance61
4.3 Distribution of Benefits61
4.4 High Transaction Costs ofCommunity-based Negotiations62
4.5 The Need for a Clear Definitionof Property Rights62
4.6 Preventing Perverse Outcomes63
5. The Options Provided by BCPs toAddress these Challenges64
5.1 The BCP Process as a Tool forCapacity Development64
5.2 Affirmation of LocalDecision-making Processes64
5.3 Reducing Transaction Costs throughPrepared Communities64
5.4 Affirming Access and Land Rights65
5.5 Determining Types of Payment65
5.6 Addressing Possible SecondaryEffects through a Bio-cultural Analysisof Existing Use of Biological Resources65
5.7 Bio-cultural Checks and Balances AgainstCommodification of ESS and TowardsILCs’ Rights to a Bio-cultural Way of Life66
6. Conclusions66
CHAPTER 7: Bio-cultural Jurisprudence68
1. Introduction12
2. Free, Prior and Informed Consent69
2.1 Self- Determination69
2.2 Customary Laws70
3. Towards a Biocultural Jurisprudence71
4. Biocultural Commmunity Protocols asBio-cultural Jurisprudence in Action72
APPENDIX: The meaning of the Raika Bio-cultural Protocolfor Livelihoods and Biodiversity Conservation74
Raika Bio-culturalProtocol76
OVERVIEW76
OUR BIOCULTURAL VALUES77
WE PRESERVE UNIQUE ANIMAL GENETIC RESOURCESAND HAVE ASSOCIATED TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE77
WE CONSERVE AND SUSTAINABLE USERAJASTHAN’S BIODIVERSITY78
PRIOR INFORMED CONSENT & BENEFIT SHARING79
WE ARE BEING EXCLUDED FROM CUSTOMARY GRAZINGAREAS WITHOUT OUR PRIOR INFORMED CONSENT -AND BIODIVERSITY IS BEING LOST79
OUR RIGHTS UNDER INDIAN LAWS & POLICIES81
WE CALL ON THE NATIONAL BIODIVERSITY AUTHORITY83
WE COMMIT TO PROTECTING THEBIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY AND ASSOCIATEDTRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE83
OUR RIGHTS UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW84
APPENDIX I: RAIKA BIODIVERSITY REGISTER84
APPENDIX II: OUR RIGHTS UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW85

2616 Biocultural Community Protocols 2009

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Date: 31 oct. 2009

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