○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ One of the most striking features of language used by Aboriginal people is the virtual absence of the reason seeking question “why?”. ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ The Intrusive “why?” However, this may occur more in remote areas rather than in urban situations. Non-verbal actions, such as observation, are important for finding out reasons for the actions of others. ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ When communicating with Aboriginal people, ensure you as the listener infer links between statements. ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ Go-betweens or Mediators ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ The consultative process chosen in any location will reflect the particular cultural context and will, itself, be decided upon in consultation with the Aboriginal community. The role of both formal and informal representatives of the Aboriginal communities must be recognised. ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ An option sometimes used by agencies is consultants and/or independent mediators. Normally, an Aboriginal individual or organisational consultancy may be available. However, this process, and more importantly, the successful consultant (whether Aboriginal or not) will be most effective if the endorsement of the community is obtained. ○ • use of indirect eye contact which implies respect in Aboriginal culture but disrespect and possibly a “shifty” type of person in non-Aboriginal cultures. However, the advisability of using direct eye contact differs from community to community and individual to individual. The applicability of this protocol will need to be determined in particular cases. For instance in some ○ ○ ○ • often considerable time delays (frequently several days) between the initiation of information and the imparting of such information; and ○ ○ ○ • the positive, non-awkward use of silence which must not be interpreted as “they do not understand” (e.g People are remaining non-committal; waiting for consensus; community support; listening.) ○ ○ ○ Important aspects of Aboriginal communication relate to non-verbal exchange of information. Three key styles of non-verbal communication are: communities, direct eye contact may be expected and accepted because you are government employees. ○ ○ ○ ○ Avoid leading questions. In many interactions Aboriginal people may not express a firm opinion, even though they may hold one. They may discuss a topic generally while gauging others views, before stating their own. If Aboriginal people find their views on a topic at odds with others they often will tend to understate their own. In minimising confrontation and argument, the speaker leaves open the possibility for further comfortable discussion. ○ ○ Leading Questions 27 Pr o t o c o l s f o r Co n s u l t a t i o n a n d Ne g o t i a t i o n w i t h Ab o r i g i n a l Pe o p l e

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